“YANGI AVLOD ILMIY TADQIQOTLARI” respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyasi
THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION OF COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY IN WORLD LINGUISTICS
Pedagogika, psixologiya va filologiya kafedrasi
Medical terminology constitutes one of the most structurally complex, dynamic, and internationally integrated subsystems within the global lexicon. This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical interpretation of the comparative and contrastive study of medical terms in world linguistics, focusing specifically on the structural, morphological, and conceptual paradigms dividing Anglo-American medical discourse and Turkic (specifically Uzbek) linguistic systems. Operating at the intersection of cognitive linguistics, terminology theory (Terminovedenie), and comparative- historical isolation, this study systematically tracks how diverse linguistic cultures conceptualize anatomical, pathological, and clinical realities. By synthesizing the historical dominance of Greco- Latin foundations with contemporary Anglo-American globalization and national linguistic adaptations, the research delineates the morphological, semantic, and socio-cultural mechanisms governing cross-linguistic medical discourse. Through an empirical contrastive analysis of affixation, compounding, and conceptual metaphor mapping, the findings establish a unified structural- typological matrix. This matrix explains both the universal standardization of anatomical nomenclatures and the semantic divergence or structural lengthening found in localized clinical diagnostics. Ultimately, this theoretical framework enhances cross-cultural medical translation accuracy, reduces lexicographical fragmentation, and bridges critical gaps in multilingual natural language processing (NLP) applications within global healthcare communication systems.